Steering and Drive System of AGV Handling Robot
DANBACH ROBOT

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The steering and drive systems of AGV handling robots often use a common method, using electrical methods to achieve forward, backward, automatic guidance and turn delivery. It is generally composed of a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a steering mechanism.

There are three rounds, four rounds, six rounds, and multiple rounds. The 3-wheel structure generally uses front-wheel steering and drive. Four or six wheels generally use two-wheel drive, differential steering or independent steering. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, DC servo motors are used for the drive and steering motors. In addition, braking devices are often installed in the steering and drive systems of AGV trolleys.

The principle of AGV car steering can be summarized as hinged shaft steering and differential steering.

1.Hinge shaft steering AGV

The direction wheel of AGV is mounted on the steering hinge shaft. The steering motor controls the hinge shaft through a speed reducer and a mechanical linkage mechanism to control the orientation of the steering wheel. The driving wheel doubles as the steering wheel, and the steering servo motor adjusts the rotation angle of the driving wheel by means of the steering mechanism according to the guiding signal to complete AGV automatic guidance and steering steering. The advantage of this kind of scheme is that the structure is simple, the cost is low, it is suitable for occasions that require more vehicles and quasi-stop accuracy is not very strict.

2.Differential steering AGV

Two independent drive motors are respectively mounted on the left and right wheels of the AGV, and the steering of the vehicle body is achieved by controlling the speed ratio of the two drive wheels. This scheme has a simple structure, high positioning accuracy, and a small turning radius, and can generally be designed in the form of 4 or 6 rounds. Divided from the wheel train structure of the AGV trolley, the steering can be divided into ordinary steering wheel steering and full wheel steering steering.

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